According to the National Health Mission data, under 5 mortality rate (U5MR) in India has declined from 52 in 2012 to 36 in 2018 and the percentage annual rate of decline in U5MR during 2013-2018 has accelerated to 6.0 % from 3.9 % observed during 1990-2012.
- Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of India has declined by 443 points from 556 per one lakh live births in 1990 to 113 in 2016-18. A decline of 80% has been achieved in MMR since 1990.
- Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) has declined from 80 in 1990 to 32 in the year 2018. Percentage annual compound rate of decline in IMR during past five years, i.e. during 2013 to 2018, has accelerated to 4.4% from 2.9% observed during 1990-2012.
- As per Sample Registration System (SRS), Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in India declined from 2.3 in 2013 to 2.2 in the year 2018. The National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4, 2015-16) also recorded a TFR of 2.2. The percentage annual compound rate of decline in TFR during 2013-2018 has been observed as 0.89%.
- In the year 2019, malaria cases and deaths declined by 21.27% and 20% respectively as compared to 2018.
National Rural Health Mission
- The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched by the Prime Minister on 12th April 2005, for accessible, affordable and quality health care to the rural population, especially the vulnerable groups.
- The Union Cabinet vide in its meeting held on 1st May 2013, approved the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) as a Sub-mission of an over-arching National Health Mission (NHM), with National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) being the other Sub-mission of National Health Mission.
- NHM is implemented for universal benefit – i.e. entire population; services are offered to everyone visiting the public healthcare facilities with a special focus to vulnerable section of the society.
