The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully carried out the sea level hot test of its CE20 cryogenic engine.
Key Points of the CE20 Engine Test:
- Testing Location and Challenges:
- Test was conducted on 29 November at the ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu.
- Sea-level testing poses challenges due to the high area ratio nozzle, leading to potential issues like flow separation, vibrations, and thermal damage.
- Innovations and Solutions:
- The test featured systems enabling restart capabilities for future missions.
- Evaluated the performance of the multi-element igniter with a focus on monitoring and optimizing ignition elements.
- ISRO addressed nozzle flow separation by leveraging the High-Altitude Test (HAT) facility for acceptance tests, demonstrating innovative approaches to testing.
- Capabilities of the CE20 Engine:
- Developed by the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre of ISRO.
- Powers the upper stage of the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3), operating at a thrust level of 19 tonnes.
- Successfully utilized in six LVM3 missions, showcasing reliability and effectiveness.
Importance of Cryogenic Engines:
Cryogenic engines, the final stage of launch vehicles, employ cryogenic propellants like Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and Liquid Hydrogen (LH2), which are highly efficient due to their low temperatures and energy density. Advantages include:
- Greater thrust per kilogram of propellant compared to solid and liquid propellants.
- Ability to lift heavier payloads into space.
India’s Position in Cryogenic Technology:
India joins an elite group of nations—comprising the US, Russia, France, Japan, and China—with the capability to manufacture cryogenic engines. This achievement underscores the country’s growing expertise in space technology and its ability to innovate for challenging missions.
