Iberian lynx was once the world’s most threatened cat species. It’s mostly found in parts of Spain and Portugal.
- According to a recent research paper, the Iberian lynx population is recovering from near extinction.
- More than 400 reproductive females were reported in the 2023 census. This is a massive increase from just 25 in 2002.
- Part of this success is due to the “genetic rescue” effect, where mixing the two remaining genetically distinct populations helped boost the species’ genetic diversity.
- Genetic rescue effect involves introducing individuals from different populations in the hope that they will breed with the local animals, reducing inbreeding and enhancing genetic diversity.
Inbreeding depression
- Low genetic diversity can lead to “inbreeding depression”, where closely related animals breed and produce offspring that are less fit for survival.
- In extreme cases, this can push entire populations, or even species, to the brink of extinction. To boost the genetic diversity of populations on the brink, conservationists sometimes turn to genetic rescue.
Outbreeding depression
- Introducing animals that are too genetically different can disrupt or dilute beneficial traits, potentially harming the population’s ability to survive and reproduce. It’s a phenomenon known as outbreeding depression.
- Despite these risks, genetic rescue remains a valuable tool in conservation, though it’s often approached with caution.
(Source: The Hindu)
